Hi Josha,
You say you don't play drums, but you make beats, does that mean that you are writing/composing some form of music?
Time signatures on sheet music for drummers are no different than those for other instruments, hence they can play (one hopes) together.
The only thing that differs is that there is no melody indicated, (unless you play classical and have to work with tuned timpanis) but there are symbols for all the components of a drum set that indicate when to hit those and with what force, with sub refinements such as tie-overs, and indications of the technique to be played , like rolls.
There are some excellent books available about that topic, one is "Different Drummers", but there are many, many others that are very good.
If you are not into sheet music, i think Shazaam suggestions are excellent especially the suggestion to get the
PULSE, which for me is such a good reference because it does not address rythem from the "metronomical" point of view, but the combination of the timing, the feel, the drive, the swing (if any) etc.
Cheers, Harry